2 Samuel 2 – Study

For those who may wish to ‘study’ this chapter, the following simple resources are provided for you. Each passage has a four-Part approach to help you take in and think further about what you have read.

Passage: 2 Sam 2:1-7

1 In the course of time, David enquired of the Lord. ‘Shall I go up to one of the towns of Judah?’ he asked.

The Lord said, ‘Go up.’

David asked, ‘Where shall I go?’

‘To Hebron,’ the Lord answered.

2 So David went up there with his two wives, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail, the widow of Nabal of Carmel. 3 David also took the men who were with him, each with his family, and they settled in Hebron and its towns. 4 Then the men of Judah came to Hebron, and there they anointed David king over the tribe of Judah.

When David was told that it was the men from Jabesh Gilead who had buried Saul, 5 he sent messengers to them to say to them, ‘The Lord bless you for showing this kindness to Saul your master by burying him. 6 May the Lord now show you kindness and faithfulness, and I too will show you the same favour because you have done this. 7 Now then, be strong and brave, for Saul your master is dead, and the people of Judah have anointed me king over them.’

A. Find Out:    

1. What 2 things did David ask and what answer did he get? v.1
2. Who went with David? v.2,3
3. What happened there? v.4a
4. Who had buried Saul? v.4b
5. How did he bless them? v.5,6
6. What did he instruct them and why? v.7

B. Think:

1. Where had David been and where does he now go?
2. Why might the move have been dangerous, do you think? How did it come about that he made the move?

C. Comment:

     David had been staying at Ziklag (1:1) in the southwest of Judah, an area largely outside the control of Saul. Now that Saul is dead, David wonders if he may return to the land. Note that he is not at all presumptuous about it; he first of all asks the Lord. Here is an example to follow. Again and again we see David seeking the Lord to know the right thing to do. It is the Lord who tells him where to go.

      Hebron was further into Judah yet still somewhat in the south. Saul’s sons and his remaining army would still be in control in Israel and so it was by no mean certain that David would be safe in Israel. He, his family and his men move up to Hebron. There he is made king over Judah. This is a partial fulfilment of God’s word through Samuel (1 Sam 16:1). Note that David does not force the pace, he is happy for God to bring about His declared will in His time.

    David does nothing to provoke a confrontation with Saul’s family. Yet while he is there he hears that it was men from Jabesh Gilead (80 miles to the northeast of Hebron on the other side of the Jordan) who had buried Saul. David, ever the peacemaking diplomat sends thanks and encouragement to these people and, indirectly, spreads the word that he has been made king in the south. Smart move!

D. Application:

1. David sought God for guidance. A good example for us.
2. David rested in God’s timing and God’s will. An example for us.

Passage: 2 Sam 2:8-32

8 Meanwhile, Abner son of Ner, the commander of Saul’s army, had taken Ish-Bosheth son of Saul and brought him over to Mahanaim. 9 He made him king over Gilead, Ashuri and Jezreel, and also over Ephraim, Benjamin and all Israel.

10 Ish-Bosheth son of Saul was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he reigned two years. The tribe of Judah, however, remained loyal to David. 11 The length of time David was king in Hebron over Judah was seven years and six months.

12 Abner son of Ner, together with the men of Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, left Mahanaim and went to Gibeon. 13 Joab son of Zeruiah and David’s men went out and met them at the pool of Gibeon. One group sat down on one side of the pool and one group on the other side.

14 Then Abner said to Joab, ‘Let’s have some of the young men get up and fight hand to hand in front of us.’

‘All right, let them do it,’ Joab said.

15 So they stood up and were counted – twelve men for Benjamin and Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, and twelve for David. 16 Then each man grabbed his opponent by the head and thrust his dagger into his opponent’s side, and they fell down together. So that place in Gibeon was called Helkath Hazzurim.

17 The battle that day was very fierce, and Abner and the Israelites were defeated by David’s men.

18 The three sons of Zeruiah were there: Joab, Abishai and Asahel. Now Asahel was as fleet-footed as a wild gazelle. 19 He chased Abner, turning neither to the right nor to the left as he pursued him. 20 Abner looked behind him and asked, ‘Is that you, Asahel?’

‘It is,’ he answered.

21 Then Abner said to him, ‘Turn aside to the right or to the left; take on one of the young men and strip him of his weapons.’ But Asahel would not stop chasing him.

22 Again Abner warned Asahel, ‘Stop chasing me! Why should I strike you down? How could I look your brother Joab in the face?’

23 But Asahel refused to give up the pursuit; so Abner thrust the butt of his spear into Asahel’s stomach, and the spear came out through his back. He fell there and died on the spot. And every man stopped when he came to the place where Asahel had fallen and died.

24 But Joab and Abishai pursued Abner, and as the sun was setting, they came to the hill of Ammah, near Giah on the way to the wasteland of Gibeon. 25 Then the men of Benjamin rallied behind Abner. They formed themselves into a group and took their stand on top of a hill.

26 Abner called out to Joab, ‘Must the sword devour for ever? Don’t you realise that this will end in bitterness? How long before you order your men to stop pursuing their fellow Israelites?’

27 Joab answered, ‘As surely as God lives, if you had not spoken, the men would have continued pursuing them until morning.’

28 So Joab blew the trumpet, and all the troops came to a halt; they no longer pursued Israel, nor did they fight any more.

29 All that night Abner and his men marched through the Arabah. They crossed the Jordan, continued through the morning hours and came to Mahanaim.

30 Then Joab stopped pursuing Abner and assembled the whole army. Besides Asahel, nineteen of David’s men were found missing. 31 But David’s men had killed 360 Benjaminites who were with Abner. 32 They took Asahel and buried him in his father’s tomb at Bethlehem. Then Joab and his men marched all night and arrived at Hebron by daybreak.

A. Find Out:

1. Who ruled in Israel and why? v.8-11
2. What happened when Abner’s men met Joab’s men? v.12-17
3. How did Asahel come to die? v.18-23
4. How did the fighting come to a stop? v.24-28
5. So what did Abner do? v.29
6. And what did Joab do? v.30-32

B. Think:

1. What was the power situation in Israel at this time?
2. Who were the main leaders in contention?
3. How do you think they were each left feeling at the end?

C. Comment:

      We now observe the main followers of the two opposing parties. In the south is David with Joab as his commander, and in the north is now Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, with Abner as his commander. The difference between the two leaders in interesting: David is leader because he was anointed by God and has earned his position by what he has done; Ish-bosheth is leader because Abner made him leader and because he is Saul’s son. Which is the real leader???

     We then come to this encounter between foraging bands from the two sides. It is Abner who initiates the fighting, but then probably comes to regret it as his men are overcome by Joab’s men. The result is that he and his men have to flee from the superior fighting of David’s men. Abner appears considerate in that he does not want to kill Joab’s brother, knowing that he is the superior fighter and if Asahel continues to pursue him, he will end up having to kill him, and that is what does eventually happen. It is only when Abner comes across reinforcements that Joab gives up the pursuit and returns home.

      At the end of the day Abner is wiser, having lost more men than Joab and Joab is probably plotting revenge for the death of his brother. Thus we see the balance of power in Israel at this time and the key participants. We have also seen the seeds sown for further disharmony!

D. Application:

1. Fighting others only brings grief.
2. WE are called to be peacemakers.